Grant Deed – RPI Form 404

A deed as a transfer

Real estate is conveyed when title is transferred from one individual to another. [Calif. Civil Code §1053]

The transfer of an interest in title to real estate contained in writing is called a grant or conveyance, no matter the form of writing. [CC §1053]

A deed is itself the grant which transfers title to property. [Hamilton v. Hubbard (1901) 134 C 603]

Title by deed passes either:

• voluntarily by agreement with the owner, such as in a sale in the open market or foreclosure on a trust deed; or
• involuntarily, such as the enforcement of a creditor’s judgment or tax lien.

No matter the form of writing, the individual conveying real estate is called the grantor. The individual acquiring title is called the grantee.

To be valid, a deed needs to:

• be in writing;
• identify the grantor and the grantee;
• contain a granting clause stating the grantor’s intention to convey;
• adequately describe the real estate involved;
• be signed by the grantor; and
• be handed to and accepted by the grantee.

Form deeds used in real estate transactions fulfill these requirements by containing words of conveyance and identifying the parties and a description of the real estate. Their size and format permit the document to be notarized and recorded. [See RPI Form 404 and 405]

Grant deeds vs. quitclaim deeds

The words of conveyance in a deed depend on whether the deed used is a grant deed or a quitclaim deed.

A grant deed is used to pass a fee estate from the grantor to a grantee unless a lesser interest is stated in the deed. Use of the word “grant” in the granting clause, without noting a lesser interest in the description of the property, indicates the conveyance of a fee simple interest in the described property. [See RPI Form 404]

Alternatively, a quitclaim deed conveys whatever interest the grantor may hold in the real estate. The words of conveyance historically used in a quitclaim deed are “remise, release and otherwise quitclaim.”

However, only the word “quitclaim” is required as the word of conveyance. A quitclaim deed does not contain the word “grant” since the conveyance includes no implied warranties under a quitclaim deed. Yet, the parties to a quitclaim deed are still the “grantor” and the “grantee.” [See RPI Form 405]

The type of deed used to convey property is evidence of the future role the individual conveying title undertakes. Thus, a grant deed conveys real estate with covenants relating to the interest conveyed.

A quitclaim deed, however, simply conveys any interest in real estate without any assurance the individual named as grantor holds an interest to convey.

Ultimately, a quitclaim deed terminates any interest in the real estate described in the deed which may be held by the grantor signing and delivering the quitclaim deed. Unlike a grant deed, a quitclaim deed operates to release to the grantee all interest the grantor may hold in the property. [Platner v. Vincent (1924) 194 C 436]

A quitclaim deed passes whatever title, legal or equitable, the grantor possessed on execution (signing and delivering) of the quitclaim deed.

Use of a grant deed 

Agents, escrow officers and owners use the Grant Deed form published by Realty Publications, Inc. (RPI) when any or all of a fee simple interest in real estate other than a leasehold is to be transferred. [See RPI Form 404]

The form identifies the parties to the transfer, describes the property transferred and allows the individuals to record the transfer with the county. [See RPI Form 404]

Form navigation page published 05-2021.

Form last revised 2016.

Word-of-the-Week: Grant deeds

Form-of-the-Week: Grant Deed and Quitclaim Deed – Forms 404 and 405

Brokerage Reminder: Grant deed vs. quitclaim deed – deeds of conveyance 

Article: Grant deed vs. quitclaim deed

Video: A Deed by Any Name is a Grant

Video: A Deed in Writing, with Exceptions 

Recent Case Decision: Is a recorded grant deed necessary to prove title to a property?